Ashwagandha is considered an adaptogen that helps control stress mediators, including heat shock proteins (Hsp70), cortisol, and stress-activated c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK-1). It also reduces the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which regulates stress response.

A study in 50 adults ages 65-80 found that taking 600 mg of ashwagandha root per day for 12 weeks significantly improved sleep quality and mental alertness upon waking compared with placebo treatment.

In one study, 43 males aged 40-70 with overweight and mild fatigue took ashwagandha or placebo daily for 8 weeks. Participants who took ashwagandha had a 14.7% greater increase in testosterone than those who took placebo.

A study in 50 adults showed that taking 600 mg of ashwagandha extract per day for 8 weeks led to significant improvements in immediate/general memory, attention, and information processing speed compared with taking a placebo.

Multiple studies suggest that ashwagandha may enhance physical performance, including strength and oxygen (VO2 max) use during exercise.

Ashwagandha contains withanolides and other compounds that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These compounds may help with oxidative stress-related diseases and may also boost the immune system.