A 2002 study found that men who took 1.5 or 3 grams of maca per day had an increased libido compared to those who took a placebo. A 2010 review of four studies found that maca improved sexual desire in men after at least six weeks.

Black maca is known to improve muscle strength and stamina. A document dating from the 13th century revealed that Inca warriors used to consume maca before each battle in order to increase their energy in battle. Moreover, it has been used by athletes and bodybuilders to improve performance.

A 2016 review found some evidence that maca root may increase semen quality in both fertile and infertile men. Moreover, black maca may also improve sexual performance.

Maca contains flavonoids and has adaptogen qualities that might be helpful for depression and anxiety. One study found maca could reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression in postmenopausal women.

A 2014 review suggested that maca may have benefits for learning and memory performance. Researchers suggested that it could be helpful in treating conditions that affect these processes, such as Alzheimer’s disease.

While maca does not contain some calcium but may account for healthy bones are macadamides and macaenes, which are fatty acids unique to maca. These nutrients have been researched as a key in the prevention of osteoporosis.